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Even when working perfectly, plasma confinement at fusion temperatures, the so-called "fusion triple product", continued to be far below what would be needed for a practical reactor design. Through the mid-1980s the reasons for many of these problems became clear, and various solutions were offered.
Prototype for development of Commercial Fusion Reactors 1.5–2 GW Fusion output. [62] K-DEMO (Korean fusion demonstration tokamak reactor) [63] Planned: 2037? National Fusion Research Institute: 6.8 m / 2.1 m: 7 T: 12 MA ? Prototype for the development of commercial fusion reactors with around 2200 MW of fusion power: DEMO (DEMOnstration Power ...
Fusion reactors are not subject to catastrophic meltdown. [122] It requires precise and controlled temperature, pressure and magnetic field parameters to produce net energy, and any damage or loss of required control would rapidly quench the reaction. [123] Fusion reactors operate with seconds or even microseconds worth of fuel at any moment.
One of the ongoing research issues for commercial fusion power development is the choice of material for the plasma-facing portions of the reactor vessel, also known as the first wall. Most reactors operate at the equivalent of a high vacuum and thus demand high-strength materials to resists the inward pressure of the magnets against the empty ...
For instance, production reactors would use a thick "blanket" containing lithium around the reactor core in order to capture the high-energy neutrons being released, both to protect the rest of the reactor mass from these neutrons as well as produce tritium for fuel. The size of the blanket is a function of the neutron's energy, which is 14 MeV ...
Commercial light-water nuclear reactors, the most prevalent power reactors in the world, use nuclear fuel containing uranium enriched to 3 to 5% U-235 while the leftover is U-238. [ 22 ] [ 23 ] Each fusion event in the D-T fusion reactor gives off an alpha particle and a fast neutron with around 14 MeV of kinetic energy.
Fusion ignition is the point at which a nuclear fusion reaction becomes self-sustaining. This occurs when the energy being given off by the reaction heats the fuel mass more rapidly than it cools. In other words, fusion ignition is the point at which the increasing self-heating of the nuclear fusion removes the need for external heating. [ 1 ]
Spherical Tokamak for Energy Production (STEP) is a spherical tokamak fusion plant concept proposed by the United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority (UKAEA) and funded by the UK government. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] The project is a proposed DEMO -class successor device to the ITER tokamak proof-of-concept of a fusion plant, the most advanced tokamak ...