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Manuscript copy of the Treaty of Waitangi (in Māori) in the hand of Henry Tacy Kemp. The English and Māori texts differ. [101] As some words in the English treaty did not translate directly into the written Māori language of the time, the Māori text is not a literal translation of the English text.
The document ends with, "Done at Waitangi on the 4th Feb 1840". [4] The text is virtually identical to the English text of the Treaty that James Reddy Clendon, the United States Consul to New Zealand, dispatched to the United States on 20 February 1840, except for the date at the end, which Clendon's copy had as 6 February instead of 4 February ...
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The English and Maori versions of the treaty contain key differences, complicating its application and interpretation, some observers say. To address this, over the last 50 years, lawmakers ...
The Treaty of Waitangi was signed in 1840 by representatives of the British Crown and Māori chiefs. Notably, 39 chiefs signed the English version of the Treaty, while over 500 signed the Māori version, which is referred to as Te Tiriti o Waitangi. [9] It includes a preamble and three articles in two languages, English and Māori.
The Treaty of Waitangi was written in English and translated into the Māori language (Te Reo). As some words in the English treaty did not translate directly into the written Māori of the time, this text is not an exact translation of the English text, such as in relation to the meaning of having and ceding sovereignty.
The Treaty of Waitangi Act 1975 introduced the phrase "principles of the Treaty of Waitangi". It is found twice in the long title, in the preamble, and in Section 6(1), which provides for the Waitangi Tribunal to inquire into claims by Māori that they are prejudicially affected by Crown acts (or omissions) that are inconsistent with the principles of the treaty. [2]
There is an English and a Māori version of the original treaty, which have differences in translation and meaning. Since 1975, Parliament, courts and the Waitangi Tribunal have looked to the wider intention of the treaty in order to define its principles. The treaty principles are not fixed and are flexible. [16]