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In 1912 there were 1.4 million members of trade unions that paid benefits. This means the unemployment rates for this period are based on a very small section of the UK population at the time (mainly manual workers). The lowest unemployment rate recorded in this period was 1.4% in 1890 and the highest was 10.2% in 1892. [19]
Unemployment was the dominant issue of British society during the interwar years. [1] Unemployment levels rarely dipped below 1,000,000 and reached a peak of more than 3,000,000 in 1933, a figure which represented more than 20% of the working population. The unemployment rate was even higher in areas including South Wales and Liverpool. [1]
The Unemployment Insurance Act 1920 was an Act of Parliament in the United Kingdom. It created the dole (weekly cash unemployment benefits) system of payments to unemployed workers. [1] The Act passed at a time of very little unemployment, when the Conservatives dominated Parliament.
In British English, unemployment benefits are also colloquially referred to as "the dole", or simply "benefits"; [1] [2] receiving benefits is informally called "being on the dole". [3] " Dole" here is an archaic expression meaning "one's allotted portion", from the synonymous Old English word dāl .
British unemployment claims rose by the most in eight months in September as the economic recovery slowed. Jobless benefits claims rose by 5,300 to 1.47 million, Bloomberg News reported.
Gross domestic product (GDP) in England 1270 to 2016 [1]. The economic history of the United Kingdom relates the economic development in the British state from the absorption of Wales into the Kingdom of England after 1535 to the modern United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland of the early 21st century.
By 1913, 2.3 million were insured under the scheme for unemployment benefit and almost 15 million insured for sickness benefit. [13] A key assumption of the Act was an unemployment rate of 4.6%. At the time the Act was passed, unemployment was at 3% and the fund was expected to quickly build a surplus.
The NUWM was founded by Wal Hannington and led in Scotland by Harry McShane.From 1921 until 1929 it was called the National Unemployed Workers' Committee Movement. The NUWM became the foremost body responsible for organising the unemployed on a national basis in the interwar period, these years being characterised by high levels of unemployment.