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Since 2011, the European Commission has triennially assessed a list of Critical Raw Materials (CRMs), with 14 CRMs identified in 2011, 20 in 2014, 27 in 2017 and 30 in 2020. [1] These materials are mainly used in energy transition and digital technologies. [ 1 ]
A technology-critical element (TCE) is a chemical element that is a critical raw material [1] [2] [3] for modern and emerging technologies, [4] [5] [6] resulting in a striking increase in their usage. [4] [7] [1] [8] Similar terms include critical elements, [9] critical materials, [4] energy-critical elements [7] and elements of security. [10]
Governments designate critical raw materials (CRM) (also referred to as critical materials or critical minerals) as critical for their economies so there is no single list of such raw materials as the list varies from country to country as does the definition of critical. [1] They include technology-critical elements, rare-earth elements and ...
The European Commission will assess the risks of four critical technologies, including semiconductors and artificial intelligence, being weaponised by countries not aligned with its values and ...
BRUSSELS (Reuters) -The European Commission published its first list of critical medicines, as part of a wider overhaul of laws governing the 136 billion euro ($148 billion) pharmaceuticals ...
The European Union announced plans on Tuesday to better protect its cutting-edge technologies from foreign snooping that might threaten its economy and security in the wake of repeated warnings ...
European Programme for Critical Infrastructure Protection (EPCIP) refers to the doctrine or specific programs created as a result of the European Commission's directive EU COM(2006) 786 which designates European critical infrastructure that, in case of fault, incident, or attack, could impact both the country where it is hosted and at least one ...
The RoHS 2 directive (2011/65/EU) contains allowance to add new materials and 4 materials are highlighted for this attention in the original version, the amendment 2015/863 adds four additional substances to Annex II of 2011/65/EU (3/4 of the new restrictions are recommended for investigation in the original directive, ref Para 10 of preamble).