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Internal ballistics (also interior ballistics), a subfield of ballistics, is the study of the propulsion of a projectile. In guns , internal ballistics covers the time from the propellant 's ignition until the projectile exits the gun barrel . [ 1 ]
It is caused by the fact that the trajectory of the shot as it leaves the gun may not be the same as the initial pointing direction of the muzzle. There may also be further external ballistic effects which may in themselves be a function of the launch parameters of the shot. The components of gun jump are shown in Figure 5. Figure 5.
Example of a ballistic table for a given 7.62×51mm NATO load. Bullet drop and wind drift are shown both in mrad and MOA.. A ballistic table or ballistic chart, also known as the data of previous engagements (DOPE) chart, is a reference data chart used in long-range shooting to predict the trajectory of a projectile and compensate for physical effects of gravity and wind drift, in order to ...
Short-barrel firearms such as handguns necessitate faster-burning propellants to obtain sufficient muzzle energy, while long guns typically use slower-burning propellants. The pressure relationships between propellant chemical reactions and bullet response are described as internal ballistics .
Internal ballistics: A subfield of ballistics, that is the study of a projectile's behavior from the time its propellant's igniter is initiated until it exits the gun barrel. The study of internal ballistics is important to designers and users of firearms of all types, from small-bore Olympic rifles and pistols , to high-tech artillery .
In summary, however, most formulations have a burn rate between 1–3 mm/s at STP and 6–12 mm/s at 68 atm. The burn characteristics (such as linear burn rate) are often determined prior to rocket motor firing using a strand burner test. This test allows the APCP manufacturer to characterize the burn rate as a function of pressure.
Transitional ballistics, also known as intermediate ballistics, [26] is the study of a projectile's behavior from the time it leaves the muzzle until the pressure behind the projectile is equalized, [27] so it lies between internal ballistics and external ballistics.
The history of the Ballistic Research Laboratory dates back to World War I with the Office of the Chief of Ordnance (OCO) within the U.S. Army. During the first year of U.S. involvement in the war, OCO was responsible for supervising ballistic firings at Sandy Hook Proving Ground in New Jersey and computing firing tables for the Army. [5]