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The sides of the tongue are inspected with a gloved hand holding a piece of gauze. The tongue is moved side to side and inspected; it should be pink, moist, smooth and glistening. Assessment of the ventral (bottom) surface of the tongue is done by having the patient touch the tip of their tongue against the roof of their mouth.
Black hairy tongue is a harmless condition which causes blackening pigmentation on the dorsum of the tongue. It is a very common oral condition and affects 13% of the world population. It is often due to poor oral hygiene which leads to accumulation of oral bacteria and build up of keratin on the tongue surface.
Smooth, shiny appearance of the tongue, caused by loss of lingual papillae. Tongue color changes, usually to a darker red color than the normal white-pink color of a healthy tongue. Tongue swelling. Difficulty with chewing, swallowing, or speaking (either because of tongue soreness or tongue swelling). Burning sensation. [2]
The shape and color of the tongue is examined and observed diagnostically in traditional Chinese medicine. For example, scalloping of the tongue is said to indicate qi vacuity. [ 13 ] Some modern medical sources still describe the tongue as "the mirror of physical health". [ 14 ]
Crenated tongue is a descriptive term for the appearance of the tongue when there are ... The oral mucosa in the area of crenation is usually of normal color, ...
Tongue diagnosis in Chinese Medicine is a method of diagnosing disease and disease patterns by visual inspection of the tongue and its various features. It is one of the major diagnostic methods in Chinese Medicine since the time of the Yellow Emperor's Inner Classic . [ 1 ]
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The tongue is an important accessory organ in the digestive system. The tongue is used for crushing food against the hard palate, during mastication and manipulation of food for softening prior to swallowing. The epithelium on the tongue's upper, or dorsal surface is keratinised. Consequently, the tongue can grind against the hard palate ...