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Conifers are the largest and economically most important component group of gymnosperms, but nevertheless they comprise only one of the four groups. The division Pinophyta consists of just one class, Pinopsida, which includes both living and fossil taxa. Subdivision of the living conifers into two or more orders has been proposed from time to time.
The tree is a large evergreen conifer growing to 30–50 metres (98–164 feet), exceptionally 72 m (236 ft) tall, [2] [4] and with a trunk diameter of up to 1.2 m (4 ft), exceptionally 2.3 m (7 + 1 ⁄ 2 ft). The bark on younger trees is light grey, thin and covered with resin blisters. [5]
Unusually for a pine, the cones normally point forward along the branch, sometimes curling around it. That is an easy way to tell it apart from the similar lodgepole pine in more western areas of North America. The cones on many mature trees are serotinous. They open when exposed to intense heat, greater than or equal to 50 °C (122 °F). [16]
A pine is any conifer tree or shrub in the genus Pinus (/ ˈ p aɪ n ə s /) [2] of the family Pinaceae. Pinus is the sole genus in the subfamily Pinoideae.. World Flora Online accepts 134 species-rank taxa (119 species and 15 nothospecies) of pines as current, with additional synonyms, [3] and Plants of the World Online 126 species-rank taxa (113 species and 13 nothospecies), [4] making it ...
Apart from two species in the yew family, all are in either the pine family (including firs, larches, spruces, pines, Douglas firs and hemlocks) or the cypress family (including junipers, redwoods, giant sequoias, bald cypresses and four genera of cedars). [2] [6] [7] [b] Softwood from North American conifers has a variety of commercial uses.
Abies grandis is a large evergreen conifer growing to 40–70 metres (130–230 feet) tall, exceptionally 100 m (330 ft), with a trunk diameter of up to 2 m (6 + 1 ⁄ 2 ft). The dead tree tops sometimes fork into new growth. [4] The bark is 5 centimetres (2 inches) thick, reddish to gray (but purple within), furrowed, and divided into slender ...
The conifers, division Pinophyta, are one of 13 or 14 division level taxa within the Kingdom Plantae. They are cone -bearing seed plants with vascular tissue; all extant conifers are woody plants , the great majority being trees with just a few being shrubs .
Close-up view of Fraser fir foliage. Abies fraseri is a small evergreen coniferous tree typically growing between 30 and 50 ft (10 and 20 m) tall and rarely to 80 ft (20 m), with a trunk diameter of 16–20 in (41–51 cm), rarely 30 in (80 cm).