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The first patent for the use of electrophoretic painting was awarded in 1917 to Davey and General Electric. Since the 1920s, the process has been used for the deposition of rubber latex . In the 1930s the first patents were issued which described base neutralized, water dispersible resins specifically designed for EPD.
A water-based primer, used primarily on wood. A primer (/ ˈ p r aɪ m ər /) or undercoat is a preparatory coating put on materials before painting.Priming ensures better adhesion of paint to the surface, increases paint durability, and provides additional protection for the material being painted.
Unlike screen printing, digital ceramic printing on glass does not require screens and the files are stored digitally making printing of all sizes and replacement of any panel simple, in high resolution, full color. [3] When using ceramic frit based inks the glass is fired or tempered to fuse the inks with the glass. Due to the extreme ...
Glass-ceramic materials share many properties with both glasses and ceramics. Glass-ceramics have an amorphous phase and one or more crystalline phases and are produced by a so-called "controlled crystallization" in contrast to a spontaneous crystallization, which is usually not wanted in glass manufacturing. Glass-ceramics have the fabrication ...
Anti-scratch coatings use additives with specific Scratch-resistant properties. Additives are particles dispersed in a thin film in quantities of less than one percent. Additives that decrease scratch visibility include: Siloxane; Eruamides (A type of fatty acid used in coatings due to fatty acid amide's scratch-resistant properties [12])
The below calculated ACIs were done on solvent-based primer containing 350 g/L of solvents and the water-based primer containing 50 g/L of butyl glycol. The values on this chart indicate that the use of mineral spirits based primers would need 6 to 7 air changes per hour requiring significant ventilation. The use of low-odor, isoparaffinic ...
A precursor to the flip-top, the "bail" or "Kilner" closure was invented in 1859, where a lid with gasket was held by a wire harness and sealed by a separate set of wires. Examples of flip-top bottles. The first flip-top closure was created by Charles de Quillfeldt in the United States, who filed for a patent on 30 November 1874.
Indonesian traditional brick stove, used in some rural areas An 18th-century Japanese merchant's kitchen with copper Kamado (Hezzui), Fukagawa Edo Museum. Early clay stoves that enclosed the fire completely were known from the Chinese Qin dynasty (221 BC – 206/207 BC), and a similar design known as kamado (かまど) appeared in the Kofun period (3rd–6th century) in Japan.