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The posterior cord is a part of the brachial plexus. It consists of contributions from all of the roots of the brachial plexus. [1] The posterior cord gives rise to ...
The brachial plexus is a network of nerves (nerve plexus) formed by the anterior rami of the lower four cervical nerves and first thoracic nerve (C5, C6, C7, C8, and T1).This plexus extends from the spinal cord, through the cervicoaxillary canal in the neck, over the first rib, and into the armpit, it supplies afferent and efferent nerve fibers to the chest, shoulder, arm, forearm, and hand.
The lateral cord (fasciculus lateralis) is formed by the upper and middle trunk, all three trunks join to form the posterior cord (fasciculus posterior), the lower trunk continues to the medial trunk (fasciculus medialis). The nerves (containing motor and sensory fibers) to the shoulder and to the upper limb emerge from the brachial plexus.
The thoracodorsal nerve arises from the posterior cord of the brachial plexus. It is derived from their ventral rami (in spite of the fact that the latissimus dorsi is found in the back) of cervical nerves C6-C8. [1] [3] It is derived from fibres of the posterior divisions of all three trunks of the brachial plexus. [4]
The lower subscapular nerve, also known as the inferior subscapular nerve, [1] is the third branch of the posterior cord of the brachial plexus. It innervates the inferior portion of the subscapularis muscle and the teres major muscle.
Radial nerve of the right axilla, posterior view. The radial nerve originates as a terminal branch of the posterior cord of the brachial plexus. [1] It goes through the arm, first in the posterior compartment of the arm, and later in the anterior compartment of the arm, and continues in the posterior compartment of the forearm.
In the axilla, the axillary artery is surrounded by the brachial plexus. [2] The second part of the axillary artery is the reference for the locational descriptions of the cords in the brachial plexus. For example, the posterior cord of the brachial plexus is so named because it lies posterior to the second part of the artery.
The upper (superior) trunk is part of the brachial plexus. It is formed by joining of the ventral rami of the fifth (C5) and sixth (C6) cervical nerves. The upper trunk divides into an anterior and posterior division. The branches of the upper trunk from proximal to distal are: subclavian nerve (C5-C6) suprascapular nerve (C5-C6)