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A simple switched-capacitor parasitic-sensitive integrator. Switched-capacitor simulated resistors can replace the input resistor in an op amp integrator to provide accurate voltage gain and integration. One of the earliest of these circuits is the parasitic-sensitive integrator developed by the Czech engineer Bedrich Hosticka. [3]
Figure 2.Greinacher circuit. The Greinacher voltage doubler is a significant improvement over the Villard circuit for a small cost in additional components. The ripple is much reduced, nominally zero under open-circuit load conditions, but when current is being drawn depends on the resistance of the load and the value of the capacitors used.
The switching losses are proportional to the switching frequency. In a complete real-world buck converter, there is also a command circuit to regulate the output voltage or the inductor current. This circuit and the MOSFET gate controller have a power consumption, impacting the overall efficiency of the converter. [12]
The switch must, of course, be opened again fast enough to prevent the capacitor from discharging too much. The basic principle of a boost converter consists of 2 distinct states (see Figure 2): In the on-state, the switch S (see Figure 1) is closed, resulting in an increase in the inductor current;
The diode and the switch are simplified as either a short circuit when they are on or by an open circuit when they are off. When in the off-state, the capacitor C is charged by the input source through the inductor L 1. When in the on-state, the capacitor C transfers the energy to the output capacitor through the inductance L 2.
A voltage multiplier may be formed of a cascade of voltage doublers of the cross-coupled switched capacitor type. This type of circuit is typically used instead of a Dickson multiplier when the source voltage is 1.2 V or less. Dickson multipliers have increasingly poor power conversion efficiency as the input voltage drops because the voltage ...
A resistor–capacitor circuit (RC circuit), or RC filter or RC network, is an electric circuit composed of resistors and capacitors. It may be driven by a voltage or current source and these will produce different responses. A first order RC circuit is composed of one resistor and one capacitor and is the simplest type of RC circuit.
This doubles the voltage across the load - the sum of the original supply and the capacitor voltages. The pulsing nature of the higher voltage switched output is often smoothed by the use of an output capacitor. An external or secondary circuit drives the switching, typically at tens of kilohertz up to several megahertz. The high frequency ...