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A princely state (also called native state or Indian state) was a nominally sovereign [1] entity of British India that was not directly governed by the Indian Government, but rather by a ruler under a form of indirect rule, [2] subject to a subsidiary alliance and the suzerainty or paramountcy of the Crown of India.
In principle, the princely states had internal autonomy, while by treaty the British Crown had suzerainty and was responsible for the states' external affairs. In practice, while the states were indeed ruled by potentates with a variety of titles, the British still had considerable influence.
The states are listed alphabetically; this list complements the list of princely states of British India, which is arranged by region and agency. Geographical and administrative assigning is indicative, as various names and borders have changed significantly, even entities (provinces, principalities) split, merged, renamed, etc .
Chitral or Chitrāl (Persian: چترال) was a princely state in alliance with British India until 1947, then a princely state of Pakistan until 1972. [5] The area of the state now forms the Upper and Lower Chitral Districts of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
The state was founded in 1748 by Nawab Bahawal Khan Abbasi. On 22 February 1833, Abbasi III entered into a subsidiary alliance with the British, by which Bahawalpur was admitted as a princely state. When British rule ended in 1947 and British Raj was partitioned into India and Pakistan , Bahawalpur joined the Dominion of Pakistan .
Amb (امب) or the State of Amb was a princely state in the present day Khyber Pakhtunkhwa region of Pakistan. Together with Phulra , it was known as Feudal Tanawal ruled by Tanoli tribe. A Royal Tenure start from Timurid Empire and end on Last Nawab Muhammad Farid Khan Tanoli . [ 1 ]
During the princely state stage (1891–1947), an Indian Civil Service (ICS) officer of the East Bengal and Assam cadre was appointed as the administrator, first as the vice-president of the Manipur State Darbar, and, from 1916, as its president. [62] [63] [64] [36] May 1907 – 1910 William Alexander Cosgrave [62] April–June 1910 C. H. Bell
Khairpur was established by the Talpur dynasty in 1783. Conquered by the British in 1843 following the Battle of Miani, Mir Sher Muhammad Talpur eventually gave up attempts to regain control of the area after a decade and entered into treaty with the British, thereby maintaining some autonomy as a princely state.