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Eutrophication is a general term describing a process in which nutrients accumulate in a body of water, resulting in an increased growth of organisms that may deplete the oxygen in the water. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Eutrophication may occur naturally or as a result of human actions.
Nutrient pollution, a form of water pollution, refers to contamination by excessive inputs of nutrients.It is a primary cause of eutrophication of surface waters (lakes, rivers and coastal waters), in which excess nutrients, usually nitrogen or phosphorus, stimulate algal growth. [1]
Eutrophication is a general term describing a process in which nutrients accumulate in a body of water, resulting in an increased growth of organisms that may deplete the oxygen in the water. [ 79 ] [ 80 ] Eutrophication may occur naturally or as a result of human actions.
A eutrophic water body, commonly a lake or pond, has high biological productivity. Due to excessive nutrients, especially nitrogen and phosphorus, these water bodies are able to support an abundance of aquatic plants. Usually, the water body will be dominated either by aquatic plants or algae. When aquatic plants dominate, the water tends to be ...
A common symptom of eutrophication is algae blooms that can produce unsightly surface scums, shade out beneficial types of plants, produce taste-and-odor-causing compounds, and poison the water due to toxins produced by the algae. These toxins are a particular problem in systems used for drinking water because some toxins can cause human ...
In the 1960s scientists recognized that phosphates in water caused eutrophication. [23] There was disagreement at that time about whether water with high phosphate came to have the chemical because of somehow being polluted with it. [23] By the 1970s it was established that high phosphate levels in water were a consequence of pollution. [23]
Warmer water in lakes, oceans, reservoirs and rivers can cause more eutrophication. ... The National Water Quality Inventory Report to Congress is a general report ...
Therefore, eutrophication and anoxic conditions in water lead to a reduction in biodiversity. For example, the soft coral Xenia umbellata can resist some anoxic conditions for short periods. Still, after about three weeks, mean survival decreases to about 81%, and about 40% of surviving species experience size reductions, lessening in ...