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A loadable kernel module (LKM) is an executable library that extends the capabilities of a running kernel, or so-called base kernel, of an operating system. LKMs are typically used to add support for new hardware (as device drivers ) and/or filesystems , or for adding system calls .
ACFS [2] is a standard-based POSIX (Linux, UNIX) and Windows cluster file system with full cluster-wide file and memory mapped I/O cache coherency and file locking. ACFS provides direct I/O for Oracle database I/O workloads. ACFS implements indirect I/O however for general purpose files that typically perform small I/O for better response time.
All device drivers, file systems, etc still run in kernel mode, just like in a monolithic kernel (see hybrid kernel). And how exactly are Windows's loadable kernel drivers different from LKM? The fact that Windows doesn't call them "kernel modules" doesn't mean it doesn't have a similar concept.
The term user space (or userland) refers to all code that runs outside the operating system's kernel. [2] User space usually refers to the various programs and libraries that the operating system uses to interact with the kernel: software that performs input/output, manipulates file system objects, application software, etc.
Dynamic Kernel Module Support (DKMS) is a program/framework that enables generating Linux kernel modules whose sources generally reside outside the kernel source tree. The concept is to have DKMS modules automatically rebuilt when a new kernel is installed.
The bootloader will load the kernel and initial root file system image into memory and then start the kernel, passing in the memory address of the image. At the end of its boot sequence, the kernel tries to determine the format of the image from its first few blocks of data, which can lead either to the initrd or initramfs scheme.
The device mapper is a framework provided by the Linux kernel for mapping physical block devices onto higher-level virtual block devices.It forms the foundation of the logical volume manager (LVM), software RAIDs and dm-crypt disk encryption, and offers additional features such as file system snapshots.
The patch is compiled as usual, but the generated code has additional information about all changed code pieces caused by original source code modification and information on to how to apply these code pieces. The resulting code modifications are safely applied to the running kernel. A special KernelCare kernel module applies the patches. It ...