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In France's African colonies, the Union of the Peoples of Cameroon's insurrection, which started in 1955 and headed by Ruben Um Nyobé, was violently repressed over a two-year period, with perhaps as many as 100 people killed. However, France formally relinquished its protectorate over Morocco and granted it independence in 1956.
By the end of the nineteenth century; the majority of major European powers sought to expand their dominion into Africa. France in particular saw this as an opportunity to “[link] France’s territorial conquests in Africa along a west-east axis”, [2] thereby limiting Britain's influence in the region.
in The Palgrave Handbook of Bondage and Human Rights in Africa and Asia (2019): 227-245. online; Stanziani, Alessandro. "The Welfare State and the Colonial World, 1880–1914: The Case of French Equatorial Africa." in Labor on the Fringes of Empire: Voice, Exit and the Law (2018): 251-316. online "France: Africa: French Equatorial Africa ...
The concept of assimilation in French colonial discourse was based on the idea of spreading French culture to France's colonies in the 19th and the 20th centuries. Colonial subjects living in French colonies were considered French citizens as long as French culture and customs were adopted.
Colonies were maintained for the purpose of economic exploitation and extraction of natural resources. In nearly all African countries today, the language used in government and media is the one used by a recent colonial power, though most people speak their native African languages.
A Mission to Civilize: The Republican Idea of Empire in France and West Africa, 1895-1930 (1997) online; Dobie, Madeleine. Trading Places: Colonization & Slavery in 18th-Century French Culture (2010) Martin, Guy (1985). "The Historical, Economic, and Political Bases of France's African Policy". The Journal of Modern African Studies. 23 (2): 189 ...
He proceeded to grant independence to France's remaining colonies in sub-Saharan Africa in 1960 in an effort to maintain close cultural and economic ties with them and to avoid more costly colonial wars. [20] Compared to the decolonisation of French Indochina and Algeria, the transfer of power in sub-Saharan Africa was, for the most part ...
The French Congo began at Brazzaville on 10 September 1880 as a protectorate over the Bateke people along the north bank of the Congo River. [1] The treaty was signed between King Iloo I and Pierre Savorgnan de Brazza ; Iloo I died the same year it was signed, but the terms of the treaty were upheld by his queen Ngalifourou . [ 2 ]