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Streptomyces sporocinereus (ex Krassilnikov, 1970) Preobrazhenskaya, 1986 Streptomyces hygroscopicus is a bacterial species in the genus Streptomyces . It was first described by Hans Laurits Jensen in 1931.
Hygromycin B is an antibiotic produced by the bacterium Streptomyces hygroscopicus. It is an aminoglycoside that kills bacteria , fungi and other eukaryotic cells by inhibiting protein synthesis .
Streptomyces is the largest genus of Actinomycetota, and the type genus of the family Streptomycetaceae. [3] Over 700 species of Streptomyces bacteria have been described. [ 4 ] [ 5 ] [ 6 ] As with the other Actinomycetota, streptomycetes are gram-positive , and have very large genomes with high GC content .
It is produced by the bacterium Streptomyces hygroscopicus and was isolated for the first time in 1972, from samples of Streptomyces hygroscopicus found on Easter Island. [13] [14] [15] The compound was originally named rapamycin after the native name of the island, Rapa Nui. [10] Sirolimus was initially developed as an antifungal agent.
The following is a list of Streptomyces species, organized alphabetically by species name. [1] Names that have not been validated according to the Bacteriological Code are enclosed in "quotes". As of June 2021 [update] , there are 679 valid species of Streptomyces and an additional 121 provisional species. [ 1 ]
Streptomyces isolates have yielded the majority of human, animal, and agricultural antibiotics, as well as a number of fundamental chemotherapy medicines. Streptomyces is the largest antibiotic -producing genus of Actinomycetota , producing chemotherapy, antibacterial, antifungal , antiparasitic drugs, and immunosuppressants . [ 1 ]
Hygromycin may refer to either of two chemically dissimilar antibiotics produced by the bacterium Streptomyces hygroscopicus: Hygromycin A; Hygromycin B, an aminoglycoside that kills bacteria, fungi and higher eukaryotic cells
Nigericin is an antibiotic derived from Streptomyces hygroscopicus. Its isolation from soil from Nigeria was described in the 1950s, by R.L Harned (et. al), [1] [2] and in 1968 the structure could be elucidated by X-ray crystallography. [3] The structure and properties of nigericin are similar to the antibiotic monensin.