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Metronidazole, sold under the brand name Flagyl among others, is an antibiotic and antiprotozoal medication. [10] It is used either alone or with other antibiotics to treat pelvic inflammatory disease, endocarditis, and bacterial vaginosis. [10]
Heartburn is a common symptom of late term pregnancy during which up to 80% of pregnant women have experienced it by the end of their third trimester. [12] Heartburn often indicates the development of gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD), where the lower esophageal sphincter relaxes due to elevated progesterone levels causing increased ...
The type of urinary anti-infective agents should be carefully chosen for pregnant women with UTIs due to the potential impact on fetal development. Penicillins, cephalosporins, and fosfomycin are safe options during pregnancy. [ 35 ]
It is a first-line treatment for amebiasis or giardiasis during pregnancy. [3] Otherwise, it is generally a second line treatment option. [3] It is taken by mouth, applied to the skin, or by injection into a muscle. [3] Common side effects when taken by mouth include loss of appetite, vomiting, abdominal pain, and diarrhea. [3]
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Antiprotozoal agents (ATC code: ATC P01) is a class of pharmaceuticals used in treatment of protozoan infection.. A paraphyletic group, protozoans have little in common with each other.
A sensitive serum pregnancy test is typically obtained to rule out ectopic pregnancy. Culdocentesis will differentiate hemoperitoneum (ruptured ectopic pregnancy or hemorrhagic cyst) from pelvic sepsis (salpingitis, ruptured pelvic abscess, or ruptured appendix). [28] Pelvic and vaginal ultrasounds are helpful in the diagnosis of PID.
In women where the pregnancy is not the first, malaria infection is more often asymptomatic, even at high parasite loads, compared to women having their first pregnancy. [1] There is a decreasing susceptibility to malaria with increasing parity, probably due to immunity to pregnancy-specific antigens. [1] Young maternal age and increases the ...