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The HSK test is analogous to the English TOEFL, and an HSK certificate is valid without any limitation in China. The test aims to be a certificate of language proficiency for higher educational and professional purposes. It is not uncommon to refer to a standard or level of proficiency by the HSK level number, or score.
The following is a non-exhaustive list of standardized tests that assess a person's language proficiency of a foreign/secondary language. Various types of such exams exist per many languages—some are organized at an international level even through national authoritative organizations, while others simply for specific limited business or study orientation.
A TOCFL Certificate. The Test of Chinese as a Foreign Language (TOCFL; Chinese: 華語文能力測驗; pinyin: Huáyǔwén Nénglì Cèyàn) is the Republic of China (Taiwan)'s standardized test of proficiency in ROC Standard Chinese (one of the two forms of Standard Chinese) for non-native speakers such as foreign students.
An intergovernmental symposium in 1991 titled "Transparency and Coherence in Language Learning in Europe: Objectives, Evaluation, Certification" held by the Swiss Federal Authorities in the Swiss municipality of Rüschlikon found the need for a common European framework for languages to improve the recognition of language qualifications and help teachers co-operate.
The test was first administered in 1997 and taken by 2,274 people. Initially the test was held only once a year. [1] In 2009, 180,000 people took the test. [2] The Korean government introduced a law in 2007 that required Chinese workers of Korean descent with no relatives in Korea to attain more than 200 points (out of 400) in the Business TOPIK (B-TOPIK) so they could be entered into a ...
The exception is the DLIELC (Defense Language Institute English Language Center), which assigns a + designation for failure/inconsistency at the next higher level. Grades may be assigned separately for different skills such as reading, speaking, listening, writing, translation, audio translation, interpretation, and intercultural communication.
Candidates who pass the test are given a Certificate of Putonghua Proficiency Level at levels 1, 2 or 3, each of which is subdivided into grades A and B: [8] [9] Level 1-A (97% correct) is required for presenters in national and provincial radio and television. [8] Level 1-B (92% correct) is required for Chinese-language teachers in northern ...
At the end of each stage, students sit for the Unified Examination Certificate (UEC). A few schools offer an additional year in senior middle, catering to students taking the government's Sijil Tinggi Pelajaran Malaysia (STPM, equivalent to A-level). Chinese independent high schools use the same academic year as government schools.