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The African National Congress (ANC) is a political party in South Africa. It originated as a liberation movement known for its opposition to apartheid and has governed the country since 1994, when the first post-apartheid election resulted in Nelson Mandela being elected as President of South Africa.
In December 2022, President Cyril Ramaphosa was re-elected as the ANC's leader in the 55th National Conference of the African National Congress. [143] On 7 September 2023, uMkhonto Wesizwe party (MK), named after the former armed wing of the ANC, was registered. The new party was launched in Soweto on 16 December 2023.
The apartheid system in South Africa was ended through a series of bilateral and multi-party negotiations between 1990 and 1993. The negotiations culminated in the passage of a new interim Constitution in 1993, a precursor to the Constitution of 1996; and in South Africa's first non-racial elections in 1994, won by the African National Congress (ANC) liberation movement.
Between 1987 and 1993, the National Party entered into bilateral negotiations with the African National Congress (ANC), the leading anti-apartheid political movement, for ending segregation and introducing majority rule. [18] [19] In 1990, prominent ANC figures, such as Nelson Mandela, were released from prison. [20]
African National Congress leader Oliver Tambo popularised the slogan. The call to Make South Africa ungovernable was a political slogan of the anti-apartheid movement in South Africa. It is closely associated with mass mobilisation against apartheid in the latter half of the 1980s.
Several independent sectors of South African society opposed apartheid through various means, including social movements, passive resistance, and guerrilla warfare.Mass action against the ruling National Party (NP) government, coupled with South Africa's growing international isolation and economic sanctions, were instrumental in leading to negotiations to end apartheid, which began formally ...
Anti-apartheid organisations such as the African National Congress used Botswana and other countries in Southern Africa as refuge. Despite Botswana's non-alignment policy, [ a ] the South African Defence Force as the military force of the apartheid government conducted several cross-border raids to attack South African anti-apartheid activists ...
The 48th National Conference of the African National Congress (ANC) took place from 2 to 7 July 1991 at the University of Durban–Westville in Durban, Natal (now KwaZulu-Natal). [1] It was the first national conference of the ANC since the organisation was banned by the apartheid government in 1960 and marked the ascension of Nelson Mandela to ...