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Inclusion blennorrhoea aka chlamydial conjunctivitis or swimming pool conjunctivitis, is a condition affecting infants born to women infected with inclusion conjunctivitis of the urogenital tract, frequently caused by Chlamydia trachomatis, a sexually transmitted organism and often going unnoticed as a mild infection.
An eye with chlamydial conjunctivitis. Inclusion conjunctivitis of the newborn is a conjunctivitis that may be caused by the bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis, and may lead to acute, purulent conjunctivitis. [17] However, it is usually self-healing. [17]
Chlamydia trachomatis (/ k l ə ˈ m ɪ d i ə t r ə ˈ k oʊ m ə t ɪ s /) is a Gram-negative, anaerobic bacterium responsible for chlamydia and trachoma. C. trachomatis exists in two forms, an extracellular infectious elementary body (EB) and an intracellular non-infectious reticulate body (RB). [2]
Conjunctivitis due to chlamydia. Trachoma is a chronic conjunctivitis caused by Chlamydia trachomatis. [20] It was once the leading cause of blindness worldwide, but its role diminished from 15% of blindness cases by trachoma in 1995 to 3.6% in 2002.
Neonatal inclusion conjunctivitis caused by C. trachomatis should be treated with oral erythromycin. [15] Topical therapy is not effective and also does not treat the infection of the nasopharynx. [16] [17] [18] Herpes simplex conjunctivitis should be treated with intravenous acyclovir for a minimum of 14 days to prevent systemic infection. [19]
There are many diseases known to cause ocular or visual changes. Diabetes , for example, is the leading cause of new cases of blindness in those aged 20–74, with ocular manifestations such as diabetic retinopathy and macular edema affecting up to 80% of those who have had the disease for 15 years or more.
Trachoma is an infectious disease caused by bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis. [2] The infection causes a roughening of the inner surface of the eyelids. [2] This roughening can lead to pain in the eyes, breakdown of the outer surface or cornea of the eyes, and eventual blindness. [2]
Chlamydia is a genus of pathogenic Gram-negative bacteria that are obligate intracellular parasites. Chlamydia infections are the most common bacterial sexually transmitted diseases in humans and are the leading cause of infectious blindness worldwide.