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In this picture of the pelvis, the sacrum is the butterfly-shaped bone in the middle Lateral view of the sacrum and the coccyx. A sacral fracture is a break in the sacrum bone. The sacrum is the large triangular bone that forms the last part of the vertebral column from the fusion of the five sacral vertebrae. Sacral fractures are relatively ...
A coccyx fracture is a fracture of the coccyx, commonly called a broken tailbone or ‘puzzle fracture.’ The coccyx is located at the base of the spine , under the sacrum . It is the last section of the ape vertebral column .
A pelvic fracture is a break of the bony structure of the pelvis. [1] This includes any break of the sacrum, hip bones (ischium, pubis, ilium), or tailbone. [1] Symptoms include pain, particularly with movement. [1] Complications may include internal bleeding, injury to the bladder, or vaginal trauma. [2] [3]
The "Honda sign" (H-pattern [1]) is a radiologic sign seen in case of sacral insufficiency fracture in bilateral sacral insufficiency fractures on a radioisotope bone scan. [2] It gets its name because the shape observed resembles the logo of the Honda motor company, resembling the alphabet "H".
Pelvic, sacral, and proximal femoral fractures are of increasing significance especially with the aging of the population. [1] Figure 12: Right sacral alar insufficiency fracture in a 29-year-old woman with a 9-year history of corticosteroid therapy for systemic lupus erythematous. Conventional radiographs showed normal appearance (not shown).
However, an algorithm has been designed (2010) to guide the treatment process before committing a patient to surgery. [1] This algorithm allows for the use of alternative treatments (prolotherapy, radio frequency neural ablation, cryotherapy, acupuncture, and others) if desired by a clinician or patient.
The Young–Burgess classification is a system of categorizing pelvic fractures based on the vector of applied force at the time of injury and degree of resulting disruption, allowing judgment on the stability of the pelvic ring and prediction of associated blood loss. [1]
The sacroiliac joint is a true diarthrodial joint that joins the sacrum to the pelvis. [1] [8] [16] [17] The sacrum connects on the right and left sides to the ilia (pelvic bones) to form the sacroiliac joints. The pelvic girdle is made up of two innominate bones (the iliac bones) and the sacrum.