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Carbonic acid is a chemical compound with the chemical formula H 2 C O 3. The molecule rapidly converts to water and carbon dioxide in the presence of water. However, in the absence of water, it is quite stable at room temperature .
For example, acetic acid is a weak acid which has a = 1.75 x 10 −5. Its conjugate base is the acetate ion with K b = 10 −14 /K a = 5.7 x 10 −10 (from the relationship K a × K b = 10 −14), which certainly does not correspond to a strong base. The conjugate of a weak acid is often a weak base and vice versa.
In water, measurable pK a values range from about −2 for a strong acid to about 12 for a very weak acid (or strong base). A buffer solution of a desired pH can be prepared as a mixture of a weak acid and its conjugate base. In practice, the mixture can be created by dissolving the acid in water, and adding the requisite amount of strong acid ...
A weak base will have a higher H + concentration than a stronger base because it is less completely protonated than a stronger base and, therefore, more hydrogen ions remain in its solution. Given its greater H + concentration, the formula yields a lower pH value for the weak base.
Ammonia is a weak alkali that reacts reversibly with water and alters the pH of the solution into base condition.. NH 3(g) + H 2 O (l) ⇌ NH 4 + (aq) + OH − (aq) [1] [5]. On the other hand, if sodium hydroxide is added to adjust the pH of the solution to alkali, the color change occurs faster than when the ammonia is added, as sodium hydroxide is a highly reactive compound.
In a buffer, a weak acid and its conjugate base (in the form of a salt), or a weak base and its conjugate acid, are used in order to limit the pH change during a titration process. Buffers have both organic and non-organic chemical applications. For example, besides buffers being used in lab processes, human blood acts as a buffer to maintain pH.
Acid–base reactions typically occur faster than any other step which may determine the product of a reaction. The conjugate base is more electron-rich than the molecule which can alter the reactivity of the molecule. For example, deprotonation of an alcohol forms the negatively charged alkoxide, which is a much stronger nucleophile.
The bicarbonate buffer system is an acid-base homeostatic mechanism involving the balance of carbonic acid (H 2 CO 3), bicarbonate ion (HCO − 3), and carbon dioxide (CO 2) in order to maintain pH in the blood and duodenum, among other tissues, to support proper metabolic function. [1] Catalyzed by carbonic anhydrase, carbon dioxide (CO 2 ...