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In a recipe, the baker's percentage for water is referred to as the "hydration"; it is indicative of the stickiness of the dough and the "crumb" of the bread. Lower hydration rates (e.g., 50–57%) are typical for bagels and pretzels , and medium hydration levels (58–65%) are typical for breads and rolls . [ 25 ]
Raku Raku Pan Da the "World's first automatic bread-making machine" Although bread machines for mass production had been previously made for industrial use, the first self-contained breadmaker for household use was released in Japan in 1986 by the Matsushita Electric Industrial Co. (now Panasonic) based on research by project engineers and software developer Ikuko Tanaka, who trained with the ...
The sponge and dough method is a two-step bread making process: in the first step a sponge is made and allowed to ferment for a period of time, and in the second step the sponge is added to the final dough's ingredients, [1] creating the total formula. [2] In this usage, synonyms for sponge are yeast starter or yeast pre-ferment.
The process of making yeast-leavened bread involves a series of alternating work and rest periods. Work periods occur when the dough is manipulated by the baker. Some work periods are called mixing, kneading, and folding, as well as division, shaping, and panning. Work periods are typically followed by rest periods, which occur when dough is ...
boulanger (baker): responsible for breads, cakes, and breakfast pastries; confiseur (confectioner): responsible for candies and petits fours; décorateur (decorator): responsible for specialty cakes and show pieces; glacier: responsible for cold and frozen desserts; Job requirements Proven experience as a pastry chef, baker, or relevant role
Ash cake was the ancient Roman term for food produced in the ashes of a fire. This type of food may be the ancestor of Italian flatbread focaccia. [3] Many baked goods included large quantities of honey and oil. [2] Leaves were used to flavor the bread. [11] The Romans adopted a Gaulic technique of adding froth to bread dough to make light ...
A cake traditionally made with a pound each of its four main ingredients (flour, butter, eggs, and sugar); today, ingredient proportions vary. Princess cake: Sweden: A cake with alternating layers of sponge cake and whipped cream followed a layer of fresh raspberries and a layer of custard; all these layers are topped with a layer of marzipan.
Suitable pans are illustrated. The recipes follow; these too are written as stories rather than simply as instructions. Where appropriate, recipes end with a list of ingredients, as well as the cooking time, in marked change from eighteenth century practice. Recipes are grouped, in the case of fish by species, and they form a connected story.