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Chikungunya is an infection caused by the Alphavirus chikungunya (CHIKV). [7] [8] [5] The disease was first identified in 1952 in Tanzania and named based on the Kimakonde words for "to become contorted". [5] Symptoms include fever and joint pain. [4] These typically occur two to twelve days after exposure. [5]
An analysis of the chikungunya virus's genetic code suggests that the increased severity of the 2005–present outbreak may be due to a change in the genetic sequence, altering the virus' viral coat protein, which potentially allows it to multiply more easily in mosquito cells. [3]
There are no treatment modalities for acute and chronic chikungunya that currently exist. Most treatment plans use supportive and symptomatic care like analgesics for pain and anti-inflammatories for inflammation caused by arthritis. In acute stages of this virus, rest, antipyretics and analgesics are used to subside symptoms.
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Chikungunya is characterized by a sudden high fever and intense joint pain, between four and seven days after infection. [4] [7] It can also cause headaches, muscle pain, fatigue, and rashes. [8] Most infected patients recover within 10 days, and deaths are rare. However, in some cases joint pain can linger for months or years.
This is a shortened version of the first chapter of the ICD-9: Infectious and Parasitic Diseases. It covers ICD codes 001 to 139. The full chapter can be found on pages 49 to 99 of Volume 1, which contains all (sub)categories of the ICD-9. Volume 2 is an alphabetical index of Volume 1.
Mosquito saliva contains >30 potentially allergenic proteins. More than 11 of these have been identified in the saliva of the Aedes egypti mosquito. Four such proteins, termed Aed a 1 (an apyrase), Aed 2 (Female-specific protein, D7), Aed 3 (an as yet undefined protein), and Aed a 4 (an α-glucosidase) have been purified as recombinant proteins.
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