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Amyloid-beta precursor protein (APP) is an integral membrane protein expressed in many tissues and concentrated in the synapses of neurons. It functions as a cell surface receptor [ 5 ] and has been implicated as a regulator of synapse formation , [ 6 ] neural plasticity , [ 7 ] antimicrobial activity, [ 8 ] and iron export . [ 9 ]
Amyloid beta (Aβ, Abeta or beta-amyloid) denotes peptides of 36–43 amino acids that are the main component of the amyloid plaques found in the brains of people with Alzheimer's disease. [2] The peptides derive from the amyloid-beta precursor protein (APP), which is cleaved by beta secretase and gamma secretase to yield Aβ in a cholesterol ...
Processing of the amyloid-beta precursor protein. Secretases are enzymes that "snip" pieces off a longer protein that is embedded in the cell membrane.. Among other roles in the cell, secretases act on the amyloid-beta precursor protein (APP) to cleave the protein into three fragments.
A main theory behind the cause of Alzheimer’s disease is the build-up of the protein amyloid-beta in the brain. ... “The processing of amyloid precursor protein into both soluble and non ...
Beta-secretase 1, also known as beta-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 1, beta-site APP cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1), membrane-associated aspartic protease 2, memapsin-2, aspartyl protease 2, and ASP2, is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the BACE1 gene. [5] Expression of BACE1 is observed mainly in neurons and oligodendrocytes. [6]
Amyloid beta A4 precursor protein-binding family B member 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the APBB1 gene. [5] [6] [7] Function.
Amyloid beta (Aβ) is composed of a family of peptides produced by proteolytic cleavage of the type I transmembrane spanning glycoprotein amyloid-beta precursor protein (APP). Amyloid plaque Aβ protein species ends in residue 40 or 42, [4] but it is suspected that Aβ42 form is crucial in the pathogenesis of AD. Although Aβ42 makes up less ...
Amyloid precursor like protein 2, also known as APLP2, is a protein encoded by the APLP2 gene in humans. [ 5 ] [ 6 ] APLP2 along with APLP1 are important modulators of glucose and insulin homeostasis .
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