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There is no known cure for microcephaly. [3] Treatment is symptomatic and supportive. [3] Because some cases of microcephaly and its associated symptoms may be a result of amino acid deficiencies, treatment with amino acids in these cases has been shown to improve symptoms such as seizures and motor function delays. [69]
Mandibulofacial dysostosis with microcephaly syndrome, also known as growth delay-intellectual disability-mandibulofacial dysostosis-microcephaly-cleft palate syndrome, mandibulofacial dysostosis, guion-almeida type, or simply as MFDM syndrome is a rare genetic disorder which is characterized by developmental delays, intellectual disabilities, and craniofacial dysmorphisms.
Achalasia microcephaly; Chest x-ray of an individual with achalasia. The arrows point to the areas of extreme esophageal dilation. Symptoms: Manifestation of achalasia: regurgitation, vomiting and dysphagia, alongside diagnosis of microcephaly: abnormally small head size below the third percentile as well as mild to moderate mental retardation.
Jaxon Strong was born with microhydranencephaly a form of microcephaly -- a birth defect that affects the brain and that has recently made headlines due to links to the Zika virus.
Clinically, patients present with microcephaly and significant developmental delay. While some patients may be able to walk, others may not due to spasticity of limbs and hypotonic muscle tone, with progressive degeneration over time. Patients may also present with seizures, ranging from single febrile seizure to intractable epilepsy.
Israeli Health Ministry describes the condition manifestation as "characterized by smaller than average head circumference (microcephaly) as early as the embryonic stage, intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) as well as postnatal growth restriction (dwarfism).
The head is small (microcephaly). Common facial abnormalities include: [citation needed] Long narrow face; Prominent nose; Prominent jaw; Open mouth; Other common features include: [citation needed] Uncontrolled drooling; Abnormal eye movements; The associated intellectual disability is usually in the profound range.
In the state of Pernambuco the reported rates of microcephaly in 2015 are 77 times higher than in the previous 5 years. [118] A model using data from a Zika outbreak in French Polynesia estimated the risk of microcephaly in children born to mothers who acquired Zika virus in the first trimester to be 1%. [119]