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The president pro tempore of the United States Senate (also president pro tem) is the second-highest-ranking official of the United States Senate. Article I, Section Three of the United States Constitution provides that the vice president of the United States, despite not being a senator, is the president of the Senate.
Early vice presidents took an active role in regularly presiding over proceedings of the body, with the president pro tempore only being called on during the vice president's absence. During the 20th century, the role of the vice president evolved into more of an executive branch position.
The following is a list of state-level presidents pro tempore in the United States: [1] ... President Party Since Alabama Del Marsh: R 2010 Arizona Eddie Farnsworth ...
The incumbent vice president is JD Vance, who assumed office as the 50th vice president on January 20, 2025. [3] [4] There have been 50 U.S. vice presidents since the office was created in 1789. Originally, the vice president was the person who received the second-most votes for president in the Electoral College.
A concern about the wisdom of including the president pro tempore in the line of succession as the "largely honorific post traditionally held by the longest-serving senator of the majority party". For example, from January 20, 2001, to June 6, 2001, the president pro tempore was then-98-year-old Strom Thurmond.
Through 1891, the president pro tempore was appointed on an intermittent basis only, when the vice president was not present to preside over the Senate, or at the adjournment of a session of Congress. [9] The first president pro tempore, John Langdon, was elected on April 6, 1789, [6] serving four
The constitutionally-defined Senate leadership roles are the Vice President of the United States, who serves as President of the Senate, and the President pro tempore, traditionally the most senior member of the majority, who theoretically presides in the absence of the Vice President. [2]
The vice president of the United States (VPOTUS) is the second-highest ranking office in the executive branch [8] [9] of the U.S. federal government, after the president of the United States, and ranks first in the presidential line of succession. The vice president is also an officer in the legislative branch, as the president of the Senate.