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Rh blood group, D antigen also known as Rh polypeptide 1 (RhPI) or cluster of differentiation 240D (CD240D) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RHD gene. [ 5 ] The RHD gene codes for the RhD erythrocyte membrane protein that is the Rh factor antigen of the Rh blood group system . [ 6 ]
The RhD gene that codes for the RhD antigen is located on chromosome 1. This chromosome contains gene instructions for making proteins in the body. [3] RhD is a dominant gene, meaning that as long as at least one RhD gene is inherited from a single parent, the RhD antigen is expressed.
The term "Rh Disease" is commonly used to refer to HDFN due to anti-D antibodies, and prior to the discovery of anti-Rh o (D) immune globulin, it was the most common type of HDFN. The disease ranges from mild to severe, and occurs in the second or subsequent pregnancies of Rh-D negative women when the biologic father is Rh-D positive.
The gene codes for the RhD protein on the red blood cell membrane. D− individuals who lack a functional RHD gene do not produce the D antigen and may be immunized by D+ blood. [citation needed] The D antigen is a dominant trait. If both of a child's parents are Rh negative, the child will definitely be Rh negative.
Reference ranges (reference intervals) for blood tests are sets of values used by a health professional to interpret a set of medical test results from blood samples. Reference ranges for blood tests are studied within the field of clinical chemistry (also known as "clinical biochemistry", "chemical pathology" or "pure blood chemistry"), the ...
Blood compatibility testing is routinely performed before a blood transfusion.The full compatibility testing process involves ABO and RhD (Rh factor) typing; screening for antibodies against other blood group systems; and crossmatching, which involves testing the recipient's blood plasma against the donor's red blood cells as a final check for incompatibility.
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Aortic valve regurgitation in RHD patients has been associated with different MBL2 alleles that encode for low production of MBL. [27] In addition, the allele IGHV4-61, located on chromosome 14, which helps code for the immunoglobulin heavy chain (IgH) is linked to greater susceptibility to RHD because it may affect protein structure of the IgH ...