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  2. Numeric precision in Microsoft Excel - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Numeric_precision_in...

    Excel maintains 15 figures in its numbers, but they are not always accurate; mathematically, the bottom line should be the same as the top line, in 'fp-math' the step '1 + 1/9000' leads to a rounding up as the first bit of the 14 bit tail '10111000110010' of the mantissa falling off the table when adding 1 is a '1', this up-rounding is not undone when subtracting the 1 again, since there is no ...

  3. Bit manipulation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bit_manipulation

    A mask is data that is used for bitwise operations, particularly in a bit field. Using a mask, multiple bits in a Byte, nibble, word (etc.) can be set either on, off or inverted from on to off (or vice versa) in a single bitwise operation. More comprehensive applications of masking, when applied conditionally to operations, are termed predication.

  4. Bitwise operation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bitwise_operation

    In computer programming, a bitwise operation operates on a bit string, a bit array or a binary numeral (considered as a bit string) at the level of its individual bits.It is a fast and simple action, basic to the higher-level arithmetic operations and directly supported by the processor.

  5. Mask (computing) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mask_(computing)

    In computer science, a mask or bitmask is data that is used for bitwise operations, particularly in a bit field.Using a mask, multiple bits in a byte, nibble, word, etc. can be set either on or off, or inverted from on to off (or vice versa) in a single bitwise operation.

  6. Order of operations - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Order_of_operations

    In some applications and programming languages, notably Microsoft Excel, PlanMaker (and other spreadsheet applications) and the programming language bc, unary operations have a higher priority than binary operations, that is, the unary minus has higher precedence than exponentiation, so in those languages −3 2 will be interpreted as (−3) 2 ...

  7. Bit array - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bit_array

    In Perl, strings can be used as expandable bit arrays. They can be manipulated using the usual bitwise operators (~ | & ^), [6] and individual bits can be tested and set using the vec function. [7] In Ruby, you can access (but not set) a bit of an integer (Fixnum or Bignum) using the bracket operator ([]), as if it were an array of bits.

  8. Binary-to-text encoding - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binary-to-text_encoding

    A binary-to-text encoding is encoding of data in plain text. More precisely, it is an encoding of binary data in a sequence of printable characters . These encodings are necessary for transmission of data when the communication channel does not allow binary data (such as email or NNTP ) or is not 8-bit clean .

  9. XOR swap algorithm - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XOR_swap_algorithm

    Using the XOR swap algorithm to exchange nibbles between variables without the use of temporary storage. In computer programming, the exclusive or swap (sometimes shortened to XOR swap) is an algorithm that uses the exclusive or bitwise operation to swap the values of two variables without using the temporary variable which is normally required.