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Azurite or Azure spar [5]: 14 is a soft, deep-blue copper mineral produced by weathering of copper ore deposits. During the early 19th century, it was also known as chessylite , after the type locality at Chessy-les-Mines near Lyon , France . [ 3 ]
Azurite was frequently used in European Renaissance painting. It appears, for example, in the dark blue sky of a Spanish altarpiece painting by Bartolome Bermejo. [8] In this painting, azurite is also combined with lead white to paint the green robe of the Saint. [8] During this time, azurite was a common pigment used to paint a blue sky. [1]
The modern English name of the mineral reflects this association, since both azurite and azure are derived via Arabic from the Persian lazhward (لاژورد), an area known for its deposits of another deep-blue stone, lapis. Azurite was often used in the Renaissance and later as a less expensive substitute for ultramarine. Lower layers would ...
Associated minerals include: rosasite, smithsonite, hemimorphite, hydrozincite, malachite and azurite. [ 2 ] It was first described in 1839 by Bottger who named the mineral for its zinc and copper content after the Greek όρειχαλκος , for "mountain brass" or "mountain copper", the name of orichalcum , a fabulous metal, mentioned in the ...
Pigments made from azurite were less expensive, but tended to turn dark and green with time. An example is the robe of the Virgin Mary in The Madonna and Child Enthroned with Saints by Raphael in the Metropolitan Museum in New York. The Virgin Mary's azurite blue robe has degraded into a greenish-black. [35]
Lazurite, old name Azure spar [7]: 14 is a tectosilicate mineral with sulfate, sulfur and chloride with formula (Na,Ca) 8 [(S,Cl,SO 4,OH) 2 |(Al 6 Si 6 O 24)].It is a feldspathoid and a member of the sodalite group.
Azurmalachite is a mixture of azurite and malachite. [1] It is alternatively called azuromalachite, azurite-malachite and malachite-azurite. [2] Azurmalachite has a distinctive mottled green and blue coloration. It is relatively rare but can sometimes be found above copper deposits.
Tenorite commonly occurs with chrysocolla and the copper carbonates, azurite and malachite. The dull grey-black color of tenorite contrasts sharply with the often intergrown blue chrysocolla . Cuprite , native copper and Fe – Mn oxides also occur in this environment.