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About 99% of the mass of the human body is made up of six elements: oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, calcium, and phosphorus. Only about 0.85% is composed of another five elements: potassium, sulfur, sodium, chlorine, and magnesium. All 11 are necessary for life. The remaining elements are trace elements, of which more than a dozen are ...
In the context of nutrition, a mineral is a chemical element. Some "minerals" are essential for life, but most are not. [1][2][3] Minerals are one of the four groups of essential nutrients; the others are vitamins, essential fatty acids, and essential amino acids. [4] The five major minerals in the human body are calcium, phosphorus, potassium ...
Biological roles of the elements. A large fraction of the chemical elements that occur naturally on the Earth's surface are essential to the structure and metabolism of living things. Four of these elements (hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen) are essential to every living thing and collectively make up 99% of the mass of protoplasm. [1]
Vitamins and minerals are essential to the proper functioning and maintenance of the human body. [111] There are 20 trace elements and minerals that are essential in small quantities to body function and overall human health. [111] Iron deficiency is the most common inadequate nutrient worldwide, affecting approximately 2 billion people. [112]
Nutrient. A nutrient is a substance used by an organism to survive, grow and reproduce. The requirement for dietary nutrient intake applies to animals, plants, fungi and protists. Nutrients can be incorporated into cells for metabolic purposes or excreted by cells to create non-cellular structures such as hair, scales, feathers, or exoskeletons.
Magnesium is an essential element in biological systems. Magnesium occurs typically as the Mg 2+ ion. It is an essential mineral nutrient (i.e., element) for life [1][2][3][4] and is present in every cell type in every organism. For example, adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the main source of energy in cells, must bind to a magnesium ion in order ...
Zinc, as an abundant trace element, ranks sixth among all the essential metallic elements crucial for sustaining life within the human body. [61] Zinc exhibits an intermediate biodegradation rate, falling between that of Fe (relatively slow) and Mg (relatively high) which positions it as a promising material for use in biodegradable implants.
CHNOPS. Graphic representation of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, and sulfur. CHNOPS and CHON are mnemonic acronyms for the most common elements in living organisms. "CHON" stands for c arbon, h ydrogen, o xygen, and n itrogen, which together make up more than 95 percent of the mass of biological systems. [1] ".