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Cell surface receptors (membrane receptors, transmembrane receptors) are receptors that are embedded in the plasma membrane of cells. [1] They act in cell signaling by receiving (binding to) extracellular molecules. They are specialized integral membrane proteins that allow communication between the cell and the extracellular space.
The CD system is commonly used as cell markers in immunophenotyping, allowing cells to be defined based on what molecules are present on their surface. These markers are often used to associate cells with certain immune functions. While using one CD molecule to define populations is uncommon (though a few examples exist), combining markers has ...
In cellular biology, cell–cell recognition is a cell's ability to distinguish one type of neighboring cell from another. [1] This phenomenon occurs when complementary molecules on opposing cell surfaces meet.
Lineage markers include mitochondrial DNA and Y-chromosome short tandem repeat haplotypes that are transferred directly from generation to generation either from mother to child in the case of mtDNA, or from father to son in the case of the Y-chromosome. X-chromosome markers are another tool that can be used for genetic identity testing ...
952 12494 Ensembl ENSG00000004468 ENSMUSG00000029084 UniProt P28907 P56528 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_001775 NM_007646 RefSeq (protein) NP_001766 NP_031672 Location (UCSC) Chr 4: 15.78 – 15.85 Mb Chr 5: 44.03 – 44.07 Mb PubMed search Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse CD38 (cluster of differentiation 38), also known as cyclic ADP ribose hydrolase, is a glycoprotein found on the surface of many ...
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Like many cell surface receptors/markers, CD4 is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily. It has four immunoglobulin domains (D 1 to D 4) that are exposed on the extracellular surface of the cell: D 1 and D 3 resemble immunoglobulin variable (IgV) domains. D 2 and D 4 resemble immunoglobulin constant (IgC) domains.
The specific cell-surface markers for Tr1 cells in humans and mice are CD4 + CD49b + LAG-3 + CD226 + from which LAG-3 + and CD49b + are indispensable. [3] LAG-3 is a membrane protein on Tr1 cells that negatively regulates TCR-mediated signal transduction in cells.