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Anthropomorphism is the attribution of human traits, emotions, or intentions to non-human entities. [1] It is considered to be an innate tendency of human psychology. [ 2 ] Personification is the related attribution of human form and characteristics to abstract concepts such as nations, emotions, and natural forces, such as seasons and weather.
Anthropocentrism (/ ˌ æ n θ r oʊ p oʊ ˈ s ɛ n t r ɪ z əm /; [1] from Ancient Greek ἄνθρωπος (ánthrōpos) 'human' and κέντρον (kéntron) 'center') is the belief that human beings are the central or most important entity on the planet. [2]
Anthropocentric thinking, the tendency to use human analogies as a basis for reasoning about other, less familiar, biological phenomena. [21] Anthropomorphism is characterization of animals, objects, and abstract concepts as possessing human traits, emotions, or intentions. [22]
For some, this stance means a return to the Offence principle, and, therefore, not helpful in the struggle against anthropocentrism or anthropomorphism. Others, however, maintain that recognition of the intrinsic value of animals goes beyond animal welfare , since it respects the animal as "centre of its own being".
Anthropocentrism is the privileging of humans as "subjects" over and against nonhuman beings as "objects". Philosophical anthropocentrism tends to limit certain attributes (e.g., mind, autonomy, moral agency, reason) to humans, while contrasting all other beings as variations of "object" (that is, things that obey deterministic laws, impulses, stimuli, instincts, and so on).
Critical anthropomorphism is an approach in the study of animal behavior that integrates scientific knowledge about a species, including its perceptual world, ecological context, and evolutionary history, to generate hypotheses through the lens of human intuition and understanding. [1]
It means to attribute animal forms or animal characteristics to other animals, or things other than an animal; similar to but broader than anthropomorphism. Contrary to anthropomorphism, which views animal or non-animal behavior in human terms, zoomorphism is the tendency of viewing human behavior in terms of the behavior of animals. It is also ...
Biocentrism (from Greek βίος bios, "life" and κέντρον kentron, "center"), in a political and ecological sense, as well as literally, is an ethical point of view that extends equal inherent value to all living things. [1]