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Gyrification allows a larger cortical surface area, and hence greater cognitive functionality to fit inside a smaller cranium. In most mammals , gyrification begins during fetal development . Primates , cetaceans , and ungulates have extensive cortical gyri, with a few species exceptions, while small rodents such as the rat , and mouse have none.
In the developing chordate (including vertebrates), the neural tube is the embryonic precursor to the central nervous system, which is made up of the brain and spinal cord. The neural groove gradually deepens as the neural folds become elevated, and ultimately the folds meet and coalesce in the middle line and convert the groove into the closed ...
After formation of the tube, the brain forms into three sections; the hindbrain, the midbrain, and the forebrain. The types of neuroectoderm include: Neural crest. pigment cells in the skin; ganglia of the autonomic nervous system; dorsal root ganglia. facial cartilage; aorticopulmonary septum of the developing heart and lungs; ciliary body of ...
While the cells that remain as the neural tube form the brain and spinal cord, the other cells that were part of the neural plate migrate away from the tube as neural crest cells. After an epithelial–mesenchymal transition, these cells form the autonomic nervous system and certain cells of the peripheral nervous system. [7]
The development of the nervous system in humans, or neural development, or neurodevelopment involves the studies of embryology, developmental biology, and neuroscience.These describe the cellular and molecular mechanisms by which the complex nervous system forms in humans, develops during prenatal development, and continues to develop postnatally.
The neural plate folds in upon itself to form the neural tube, which will later differentiate into the spinal cord and the brain, eventually forming the central nervous system. [2] Computer simulations found that cell wedging and differential proliferation are sufficient for mammalian neurulation.
A neural network is a group of interconnected units called neurons that send signals to one another. Neurons can be either biological cells or mathematical models.While individual neurons are simple, many of them together in a network can perform complex tasks.
The connections and pathways of the internet could be seen as the pathways of neurons and synapses in a global brain. The global brain is a neuroscience-inspired and futurological vision of the planetary information and communications technology network that interconnects all humans and their technological artifacts. [1]