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  2. Venus - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venus

    Venus has a diameter of 12,103.6 km (7,520.8 mi)—only 638.4 km (396.7 mi) less than Earth's—and its mass is 81.5% of Earth's, making it the third-smallest planet in the Solar System. Conditions on the Venusian surface differ radically from those on Earth because its dense atmosphere is 96.5% carbon dioxide, with most of the remaining 3.5% ...

  3. Orbit of Venus - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orbit_of_Venus

    [1] [2] The low eccentricity and comparatively small size of its orbit give Venus the least range in distance between perihelion and aphelion of the planets: 1.46 million km. The planet orbits the Sun once every 225 days [ 3 ] and travels 4.54 au (679,000,000 km; 422,000,000 mi) in doing so, [ 4 ] giving an average orbital speed of 35 km/s ...

  4. Observations and explorations of Venus - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Observations_and...

    The first time, it flew by on October 24, 2006, passing 3000 km from Venus. As Earth was on the other side of the Sun, no data was recorded. [37] The second flyby was on July 6, 2007, where the spacecraft passed only 325 km from the cloudtops. [38] BepiColombo also flew by Venus twice on its way to Mercury, the first time on October 15, 2020.

  5. Absolute magnitude - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Absolute_magnitude

    At that time, its absolute magnitude had decreased to =, [42] and it was realised that the 1819 apparition coincided with an outburst. 289P/Blanpain reached naked eye brightness (5–8 mag) in 1819, even though it is the comet with the smallest nucleus that has ever been physically characterised, and usually doesn't become brighter than 18 mag ...

  6. Solar radius - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_radius

    Solar radius is a unit of distance used to express the size of stars in ... methods had been overestimated by approximately 300 km (190 mi). ... Venus: 0.00869 6,051. ...

  7. Angular diameter - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angular_diameter

    an object of diameter 725.27 km at a distance of 1 astronomical unit (AU) an object of diameter 45 866 916 km at 1 light-year; an object of diameter 1 AU (149 597 871 km) at a distance of 1 parsec (pc) Thus, the angular diameter of Earth's orbit around the Sun as viewed from a distance of 1 pc is 2″, as 1 AU is the mean radius of Earth's orbit.

  8. Comoving and proper distances - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comoving_and_proper_distances

    Despite being an integral over time, this expression gives the correct distance that would be measured by a hypothetical tape measure at fixed time t, i.e. the "proper distance" (as defined below) after accounting for the time-dependent comoving speed of light via the inverse scale factor term / (′) in the integrand.

  9. Orbital period - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orbital_period

    Thus the orbital period in low orbit depends only on the density of the central body, regardless of its size. So, for the Earth as the central body (or any other spherically symmetric body with the same mean density, about 5,515 kg/m 3, [2] e.g. Mercury with 5,427 kg/m 3 and Venus with 5,243 kg/m 3) we get: T = 1.41 hours