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One definition of cottier in Ireland (c. 1700–1850) was a person who rented a simple cabin and between one and one and a half acres of land upon which to grow potatoes, oats, and possibly flax. [8] The ground was held on a year-to-year basis and rent was often paid in labour.
During the 19th century, there were many cases of middlemen renting the land and then sub-letting on conacre to desperate landless labourers or cottiers at a high profit. [ 2 ] In March 2009, a ruling by the Court of Appeal of Northern Ireland removed tax relief on land with development potential which has been let under conacre.
Known as sub-division, this inheritance practice continued by tradition until the middle of the 19th century. The growth of population inevitably caused subdivision. Population grew from a level of about 500,000 in 1000 AD to about 2 million by 1700, and 5 million by 1800.
Burke's Landed Gentry (originally titled Burke's Commoners) is a reference work listing families in Great Britain and Ireland who have owned rural estates of some size.The work has been in existence from the first half of the 19th century, and was founded by John Burke.
The Irish Land Commission was created by the British crown in 1843 to "inquire into the occupation of the land in Ireland. The office of the commission was in Dublin Castle, and the records were, on its conclusion, deposited in the records tower there, from whence they were transferred in 1898 to the Public Record Office". [1]
National Library, Dublin has the 19th Century list (on microfilm) of Births Marriages and a list of the priests who served in the Carholic Parish, box. 4799. Office of Public Works Archaeological Inventory of Co. Cork; Penelope Durrell, Dursey; West Cork Railway inc. Colm Creedon's Works, Privately published Magazine Road, Cork
The Encumbered Estates' Court was established by an act of the British Parliament in 1849, the Incumbered Estates (Ireland) Act 1849 (12 & 13 Vict. c. 77), to facilitate the sale of Irish estates whose owners, because of the Great Famine, were unable to meet their obligations. [1]
The immediate occasion for the formation of the League was the Incumbered Estates (Ireland) Act 1849.The legislation failed to acknowledge the Ulster tenant right.The un-codified custom in Ireland's northern province restrained the freedom of landowners to rack rent and to evict paying tenants at will.