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Rugby union football, commonly known simply as rugby union in English-speaking countries and rugby 15/XV in non-Anglophone Europe, or often just rugby, is a close-contact team sport that originated at Rugby School in England in the first half of the 19th century. Rugby is based on running with the ball in hand.
Rugby league and association football were not the only early competitors to rugby union. In the late 19th century, a number of "national" football codes emerged around the world, including Australian rules football (originating in Victoria), Gaelic football (Ireland), and the gridiron codes: American and Canadian football. [citation needed]
In 19th-century rugby football, they were positioned at the midpoint between the forwards and the three fullbacks used at the time. [23] Originally known as halfway backs. [23] Hand-off See Fend. Handover "The surrendering of the ball to the opposition after a team has been tackled the statutory number of successive times."
Rugby football match on the 1846 Shrove Tuesday in Kingston upon Thames, England. Rugby football is the collective name for the team sports of rugby union or rugby league.. Rugby football started at Rugby School in Rugby, Warwickshire, England, [1] where the rules were first codified in 1845. [2]
0-9 22 The 22 m line, marking 22 metres (72 ft) from the tryline. 89 An "89" or eight-nine move is a phase following a scrum, in which the number 8 picks up the ball and transfers it to number 9 (scrum-half). 99 The "99" call was a policy of simultaneous retaliation by the 1974 British Lions tour to South Africa, (the 99 comes from the British emergency services telephone number which is 999 ...
The Rugby Football Union has announced a review into the historical context of its anthem Swing Low, Sweet Chariot, due to its links to slavery and its regular presence at England internationals ...
England rugby’s official anthem, which holds very different connotations either side of the Atlantic, continues to be sung by fans at Twickenham and abroad.
With urbanization in the 19th century, the rural games moved to the new urban centres and came under the influence of the middle and upper classes. The rules and regulations devised at English institutions began to be applied to the wider game, with governing bodies in England being set up for a number of sports by the end of the 19th century.