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Chapped lips (also known as cheilitis simplex [5] or common cheilitis) [6] is characterized by the cracking, fissuring, and peeling of the skin of the lips, and is one of the most common types of cheilitis. [5] [7] While both lips may be affected, the lower lip is the most common site. [7]
There is also a loss of the usually sharp border between the red of the lip and the normal skin, known as the vermillion border. The lip may become scaly and indurated as AC progresses. When palpated , the lip may have a texture similar to rubbing the gloved finger along sandpaper.
Lip licker's dermatitis which is a subtype of irritant contact cheilitis is caused by an exogenous factor rather than an endogenous one. [10] Irritant contact cheilitis can be separated into different reaction types, so it is an umbrella term and further evaluations are usually needed to properly classify the presenting condition.
As a consequence, the margin of the lips shows a transition between the thicker and thinner skin, represented by the vermilion border. It therefore has the appearance of a sharp line between the coloured edge of the lip and adjoining skin. [4] It has been described as a pale, white rolled border and also as being a red line. [1] [5]
[4] [5] Often the corners are red with skin breakdown and crusting. [2] It can also be itchy or painful. [2] The condition can last for days to years. [2] Angular cheilitis is a type of cheilitis (inflammation of the lips). [6] Angular cheilitis can be caused by infection, irritation, or allergies. [2]
The pathophysiology of perioral dermatitis is related to disease of the hair follicle as is now included in the ICD-11 due to be finalized in 2018. [22] Lip licker's dermatitis or perioral irritant contact dermatitis due to lip-licking is considered a separate disease categorized under irritant contact dermatitis due to saliva. [23]
The Marburg virus, which causes bleeding from the eyes, nose, and mouth, can be fatal in up to 90% of those infected
Actinic cheilitis: When an AK forms on the lip, it is called actinic cheilitis. This usually presents as a rough, scaly patch on the lip, often accompanied by the sensation of dry mouth and symptomatic splitting of the lips. Bowenoid AK: Usually presents as a solitary, erythematous, scaly patch or plaque with well-defined borders.