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"History and the German Revolution of 1848". The American Historical Review. 60 (1): 27– 44. doi:10.2307/1842744. JSTOR 1842744. Hewitson, M. (October 2010). "'The Old Forms are Breaking Up, ... Our New Germany is Rebuilding Itself': Constitutionalism, Nationalism and the Creation of a German Polity during the Revolutions of 1848-49".
July Revolution: France (Bourbon Restoration) Middle class against Bourbon King Charles X Charles X which forced him out of office and replaced him with the Orleanist King Louis-Philippe (the "July Monarchy") 1830–1831 November uprising: Russian Empire: Congress Poland. National Government; Russian victory 1830 Ustertag revolution Canton of ...
The painting Germania, possibly by Philipp Veit, hung inside the Frankfurt parliament, the first national parliament in German history. The German revolutions of 1848–1849 (German: Deutsche Revolution 1848/1849), the opening phase of which was also called the March Revolution (German: Märzrevolution), were initially part of the Revolutions of 1848 that broke out in many European countries.
The political impact of the 1848 revolutions was more evident in Austria in comparison to the revolution's effects in countries like Germany. This is attributed to the way the upheavals in Vienna resulted in greater loss of life and gained stronger support from intellectuals, students, and the working class. [ 23 ]
Bourgeois revolution is a term used in Marxist theory to refer to a social revolution that aims to destroy a feudal system or its vestiges, establish the rule of the bourgeoisie, and create a capitalist state. [1] [2] In colonised or subjugated countries, bourgeois revolutions often take the form of a war of national independence.
Revolution and Counter-Revolution in Germany (German: Revolution und Konterrevolution in Deutschland) is a book by Friedrich Engels, with contributions by Karl Marx. Originally a series of articles in the New York Daily Tribune published from 1851 to 1852 under Marx's byline , the material was first published in book form under the editorship ...
Barrington Moore Jr. (12 May 1913 – 16 October 2005) [1] was an American political sociologist, and the son of forester Barrington Moore. He is well-known for his Social Origins of Dictatorship and Democracy (1966), a comparative study of modernization in Britain, France, the United States, China, Japan, Russia, Germany, and India. [2]
Class conflict also emerged in the countryside, with strikes and clashes across the Northern Po Valley. Despite the rising support for revolution in Italy, the revolutionaries were not able to capitalise on the growth of their movement, which resulted in a desire for social change slowly waning and paved the way for March on Rome.