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Retroactive law, another term for ex post facto law; Retroactive data structures, datum structures that allow modifications to past actions; Retroactive continuity in fiction; Retrospective, often synonymous when used as an adjective
Retroactive continuity, or retcon for short, is a literary device in which facts in the world of a fictional work that have been established through the narrative itself are adjusted, ignored, supplemented, or contradicted by a subsequently published work that recontextualizes or breaks continuity with the former.
Retrocausality, or backwards causation, is a concept of cause and effect in which an effect precedes its cause in time and so a later event affects an earlier one. [1] [2] In quantum physics, the distinction between cause and effect is not made at the most fundamental level and so time-symmetric systems can be viewed as causal or retrocausal.
For example, Article 29 of the Constitution of Albania explicitly allows retroactive effect for laws that alleviate possible punishments. Ex post facto criminalization is prohibited by Article 7 of the European Convention on Human Rights , Article 15(1) of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights , [ 3 ] and Article 9 of the ...
An example of a retrospective or retroactive standard is the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN Code), a convention which governs the formal scientific naming of animals, of which the 4th edition is effective since 2000.
All retroactive changes on the operational history of the data structure can potentially affect all the operations at the time of the operation to the present. For example, if we have t i-1 < t < t i+1, then Insert(t, insert(x)) would place a new operation, op, between the operations op i-1 and op i+1.
The principle of non-retroactivity is widely recognized for international laws such as treaties, [1] although treaties can have retroactive effect if the parties so intend. [2] It is also widely recognized in criminal law, at least to the extent of prohibiting criminal sanctions that were not in place at the time of the crime.
For example, the term acoustic guitar was coined with the advent of the electric guitar, [4] analog watch was introduced to distinguish from the digital watch, [5] push bike was created to distinguish from the motorized bicycle, and feature phone was coined to distinguish from the smartphone.