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A covered bridge is a timber-truss bridge with a roof, decking, and siding, which in most covered bridges create an almost complete enclosure. [1] The purpose of the covering is to protect the wooden structural members from the weather.
The Brown truss enjoyed a brief period of favor in the 1860s, and is known to have been used in four covered bridges in Michigan, the Ada Covered Bridge, the Fallasburg Bridge, Whites Bridge and one other. The design did not appear to gain wide acceptance as modern bridges tend to be Howe, Pratt, bowstring or Warren trusses.
Seventeen historic covered bridges; the three oldest ones are also the longest. U.S. Wisconsin: The only remaining historic covered bridge in Wisconsin is the covered bridge in Cedarburg. [16] [17] There are also the Smith Rapids Covered Bridge in Park Falls built in 1991, [18] and the Springwater Volunteer Covered Bridge built in 1997. [19]
Covered bridges made with stringers instead of traditional style trusses are considered non-authentic, although in some terms, a stringer construction is also a type of truss. Examples of truss construction on covered bridges include Howe, Town Lattice, Queen-post, King-post, Haupt, Burr, Brown and Pratt. Of the existing historic covered ...
The design principle behind the Burr arch truss is that the arch should be capable of bearing the entire load on the bridge while the truss keeps the bridge rigid. Even though the kingpost truss alone is capable of bearing a load, this was done because it is impossible to evenly balance a dynamic load crossing the bridge between the two parts. [5]
This 86.5-foot-long (26.4 m), 18.66-foot-wide (5.69 m), Howe truss bridge was built in 1855. It was renovated by the Works Progress Administration in 1939, and by the city of Philadelphia in 2000. [2] It is the only remaining covered bridge in Philadelphia and is the only covered bridge in a major US city.
The 1962 built, World's Longest, Single Span, Wooden Covered Bridge at Bridgeport State Park, California, uses a Burr-Arch in combination with the Howe-Truss to achieve this over 210' span. The only maintenance a Howe truss requires is adjustment of the nuts on the vertical posts to equalize strain. [ 1 ]
Name Image County Location Built Length Crosses Ownership Truss Notes Ashland Covered Bridge [1]: New Castle: Ashland: ca. 1860: 52 feet (16 m) Red Clay Creek