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Litmus is a water-soluble mixture of different dyes extracted from lichens. It is often absorbed onto filter paper to produce one of the oldest forms of pH indicator, used to test materials for acidity. In an acidic medium, blue litmus paper turns red, while in a basic or alkaline medium, red litmus paper turns blue. In short, it is a dye and ...
It is used to make litmus, a mixture of several organic compounds.. Lichen has been used for centuries to make dyes. [1] This includes royal purple colors derived from roccella tinctoria, also known as orseille. [2]
Chromosomes of Allium ascalonicum stained with orcein. The chemical components of orcein were elucidated only in the 1950s by Hans Musso. [6] The structures are shown below. A paper originally published in 1961, embodying most of Musso's work on components of orcein and litmus, was translated into English and published in 2003 [7] in a special issue of the journal Biotechnic & Histochemistry ...
Excelsior, or wood wool. Wood wool, known primarily as excelsior in North America, is a product made of wood slivers cut from logs. It is mainly used in packaging, for cooling pads in home evaporative cooling systems known as swamp coolers, for erosion control mats, and as a raw material for the production of other products such as bonded wood wool boards.
According to its method of preparation, turnsole produced a range of translucent colors from blue, through purple to red, depending on its reaction to the acidity or alkalinity of its environment, in a chemical reaction, not understood in the Middle Ages, that is most familiar in the litmus test. Chrozophora tinctoria fruit
Structural repair to wooden artifacts, as with the conservation of any artifact, should be as unobtrusive as possible. One method for mending separated pieces of wooden artifacts is the use of hot or liquid hide glue. [25] To reverse warping of wooden artifacts, conservators often treat artifacts using pressure.
American food and drug manufacturers are officially on deadline to reformulate any products containing Red Dye No. 3. The move follows California's 2023 ban, which prohibits the sale of foods ...
Thermally modified wood is engineered wood that has been modified by a controlled pyrolysis process of wood being heated to (> 180 °C) in an oxygen free atmosphere. This process changes to the chemical structures of wood's cell wall components lignin , cellulose and hemicellulose which decreases its hygroscopy and thus increases dimensional ...