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The EF scale is also unofficially used in other countries, including China and Brazil. [2] [3] The rating of a tornado is determined by conducting a tornado damage survey. The scale has the same basic design as the original Fujita scale—six intensity categories from zero to five, representing increasing degrees of damage.
Under this version, each tornado would be assigned one Fujita scale rating and two Pearson scale ratings. For example, a tornado rated F4 based on damage with a path length of 63 miles (101 km) and a path width of 800 yards (730 m) would be rated F,P,P 4,4,4.
On April 27, 2011, the most large-scale tornado outbreak would devastate much of the southern United States, with 5 tornadoes having a disputed rating. A fast-moving and multi-vortex tornado struck parts of Chickasaw and Monroe counties in Mississippi.
However, scientists believed there were two major problems with the original F-scale: Wind speeds: Wind speeds were estimated at 261-318 mph for an F5 tornado.However, several engineering studies ...
Following the implementation of the Fujita Scale in 1971, [5] hundreds of post-event damage surveys have been conducted on tornadoes and other weather events to determine the rating of the tornado. [6] In the 2020s, drones have been used to survey hard-to-access areas, most notably following the 2021 Western Kentucky tornado. [7]
The Enhanced Fujita scale measures a tornado's intensity on a scale of 1 to 5 based on its wind speed estimates and resulting damages.
The original scale is named after Dr. Ted Fujita, who developed the system to help provide a wind estimate for the amount and type of damage that a tornado can produce. In 2007, the Enhanced ...
Unlike the other three scales (Fujita, Enhanced Fujita, and TORRO), the International Fujita scale has overlapping wind speeds within the ratings. The highest tornado rated on the IF scale was the 2021 South Moravia tornado, which was rated an IF4. [13]