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A physician assistant or physician associate (PA) is a type of healthcare professional.While these job titles are used internationally, there is significant variation in training and scope of practice from country to country, and sometimes between smaller jurisdictions such as states or provinces.
Lavinia Lloyd Dock (February 26, 1858 – April 17, 1956) was an American nurse, feminist, writer, pioneer in nursing education and social activist. [1] Dock was an assistant superintendent at Johns Hopkins School of Nursing under Isabel Hampton Robb. She founded what would become the National League for Nursing with Robb and Mary Adelaide Nutting.
Benner's novice to expert theory asserts that expert nurses develop their knowledge of patient care and extensive skill set by obtaining experiences collected over a course of time as well as having an education background. Dr. Benner's theory focuses on how nurses acquire their nursing knowledge, particularly how a nurse could gain knowledge ...
Hildegard E. Peplau (September 1, 1909 – March 17, 1999) [1] was an American nurse and the first published nursing theorist since Florence Nightingale. She created the middle-range nursing theory of interpersonal relations, which helped to revolutionize the scholarly work of nurses. As a primary contributor to mental health law reform, she ...
Nursing theory is defined as "a creative and conscientious structuring of ideas that project a tentative, purposeful, and systematic view of phenomena". [1] Through systematic inquiry, whether in nursing research or practice, nurses are able to develop knowledge relevant to improving the care of patients.
Jean Watson, PhD, RN, AHN-BC, FAAN, LL (AAN) is an American nurse theorist and nursing professor who is best known for her theory of human caring. She is the author of numerous texts, including Nursing: The Philosophy and Science of Caring. Watson's research on caring has been incorporated into education and patient care at hundreds of nursing ...
Madeleine Leininger (July 13, 1925 – August 10, 2012) was a nursing theorist, nursing professor and developer of the concept of transcultural nursing. First published in 1961, [ 1 ] her contributions to nursing theory involve the discussion of what it is to care.
Margaret A. Newman (October 10, 1933 - December 18, 2018) was an American nurse, university professor and nursing theorist. She authored the theory of health as expanding consciousness, which was influenced by earlier theoretical work by Martha E. Rogers, one of her mentors from graduate school.