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The National Donor Monument, Naarden, the Netherlands Organ donation is the process when a person authorizes an organ of their own to be removed and transplanted to another person, legally , either by consent while the donor is alive, through a legal authorization for deceased donation made prior to death, or for deceased donations through the authorization by the legal next of kin.
EU Facts and Figures. "Key facts and figures on EU organ donation and transplantation", EU Directorate General for Health & Consumers, London, 27 October 2005. Retrieved on 31 March 2012. Johnson, E. and Goldstein, D. Do defaults save lives?. Science Magazine, 21 November 2003.
Organ transplantation is a medical procedure in which an organ is removed from one body and placed in the body of a recipient, to replace a damaged or missing organ. The donor and recipient may be at the same location, or organs may be transported from a donor site to another location.
Organ donation has the potential to greatly improve quality of life as well as prevent death in patients with end-stage organ failure. There is an endemic shortage of organ donors within the United States, resulting in an immediate and persistent need for additional, suitable organ donors. Death row inmates are a possible source of additional ...
If the organ donor is human, most countries require that the donor be legally dead for consideration of organ transplantation (e.g. cardiac death or brain death). For some organs, a living donor can be the source of the organ. For example, living donors can donate one kidney or part of their liver to a well-matched recipient. [2]
The potential for deceased organ donations due to brain death is high in the country. About 80,000 persons die due to road accidents every year. An estimated 50% of such deaths are due to brain death. If the country's donation rate were to be improved to 1 per million population, it would satisfy the country's organ requirement completely. [35]
Organs regularly transplanted include lungs, heart, cornea, pancreas, and kidneys. Modes of donation are an altruistic living donation of a non-vital organ (generally a kidney) and post-mortal organ donation (PMOD). PMOD can be subdivided into donation after brain death (DBD) and donation after circulatory determination of death (DCDD). [5]
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is the most common opportunistic infection that may occur after a kidney and other solid organ transplants and is a risk factor for graft failure or acute rejection. [79] [81] BK virus is now being increasingly recognised as a transplant risk factor which may lead to kidney disease or transplant failure if untreated. [82]