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Hypokalemia is a low level of potassium (K +) in the blood serum. [1] Mild low potassium does not typically cause symptoms. [3] Symptoms may include feeling tired, leg cramps, weakness, and constipation. [1] Low potassium also increases the risk of an abnormal heart rhythm, which is often too slow and can cause cardiac arrest. [1] [3]
Low potassium is caused by increased excretion of potassium, decreased consumption of potassium rich foods, movement of potassium into the cells, or certain endocrine diseases. [3] Excretion is the most common cause of hypokalemia and can be caused by diuretic use, metabolic acidosis , diabetic ketoacidosis , hyperaldosteronism , and renal ...
Hypokalemia is an important cause of acquired long QT syndrome, and may predispose the patient to torsades de pointes. Digitalis use may increase the risk that hypokalemia will produce life-threatening arrhythmias. Hypokalemia is especially dangerous in patients with ischemic heart disease. [citation needed]
Heart disease is a type of cardiovascular disease that affects the heart’s structure and function. Several different heart conditions fall under the umbrella term for heart disease.
Afterdepolarization is commonly a consequence of myocardial infarction, cardiac hypertrophy, or heart failure. [1] It may also result from congenital mutations associated with calcium channels and sequestration. [2]
Hypokalemia (a decreased potassium level in the blood) is usually present during attacks. The condition may be life-threatening if weakness of the breathing muscles leads to respiratory failure, or if the low potassium levels lead to abnormal heart rhythms. [1] [2] If untreated, it is typically recurrent in nature. [1]
Side effects may include heart problems if given too quickly by injection into a vein. [4] By mouth it can result in abdominal pain, peptic ulcer disease, or gastrointestinal bleeding. [4] Greater care is recommended in those with kidney problems. [2]
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