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The border between North and South America is at some point in the Isthmus of Panama. The most common demarcation in atlases and other sources follows the Darién Mountains watershed that divides along the Colombia–Panama border where the isthmus meets the South American continent (see Darién Gap ).
Continents Countries Dependencies; Arctic Ocean: Eastern / Northern / Western: Asia / Europe / North America: Canada / *Denmark / Iceland / Norway / Russia / United States: Greenland / Jan Mayen / Svalbard : Atlantic Ocean: Eastern / Northern / Southern / Western: Asia / Europe / North America / South America / Africa
The South American continent also includes various islands, most of which belong to countries on the continent. The Caribbean territories are grouped with North America. The South American nations that border the Caribbean Sea — Colombia and Venezuela —are also known as the Caribbean South America .
Distinct Land Borders: Refers to the number of separate geographic boundaries a country shares with its neighbors. A single country may have multiple distinct land borders with the same neighbour (e.g., due to enclaves, exclaves, or disconnected regions). Distinct Land Neighbours: Refers to the number of unique countries a nation borders via land.
Brazil is the largest country in South America, covering a little less than half of the continent's land area and encompassing around half of the continent's population. [26] The remaining countries and territories are divided among four subregions: the Andean states, Caribbean South America, The Guianas, and the Southern Cone. [27]
The list includes all countries listed in the List of countries, the French overseas departments, the Spanish and Portuguese overseas regions and inhabited overseas dependencies. See List of extinct countries, empires, etc. and Former countries in Europe after 1815 for articles about countries that are no longer in existence.
The United Nations geoscheme is a system which divides 248 countries and territories in the world into six continental regions, 22 geographical subregions, and two intermediary regions. [1] It was devised by the United Nations Statistics Division (UNSD) based on the M49 coding classification . [ 2 ]
Below is a list of countries and dependencies in South America by area. [1] Brazil is the largest country in South America while Suriname is the smallest. Panama is not regarded as a transcontinental country but the country is sometimes included in South America due to being part of Colombia prior to its secession in 1903.