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A contagious disease is an infectious disease that is readily spread (that is, communicated) by transmission of a pathogen through contact (direct or indirect) with an infected person. [ 1] A disease is often known to be contagious before medical science discovers its causative agent. Koch's postulates, which were published at the end of the ...
An infectious disease agent can be transmitted in two ways: as horizontal disease agent transmission from one individual to another in the same generation (peers in the same age group) [3] by either direct contact (licking, touching, biting), or indirect contact through air – cough or sneeze (vectors or fomites that allow the transmission of the agent causing the disease without physical ...
These diseases can have a wide range of effects, varying from silent infection – with no signs or symptoms – to severe illness and death. According to its nature, a certain infectious agent may demonstrate one or more following modes of transmission direct and indirect contact transmission, droplet transmission and airborne transmission. [11]
Fecal–oral transmission is primarily considered as an indirect contact route through contaminated food or water. However, it can also operate through direct contact with feces or contaminated body parts, such as through anal sex. [2] [3] It can also operate through droplet or airborne transmission through the toilet plume from contaminated ...
2–3 per year (adults) 6–8 per year (children) [ 13] The common cold or the cold is a viral infectious disease of the upper respiratory tract that primarily affects the respiratory mucosa of the nose, throat, sinuses, and larynx. [ 6][ 8] Signs and symptoms may appear in as little as two days after exposure to the virus. [ 6]
A viral disease (or viral infection) occurs when an organism's body is invaded by pathogenic viruses, and infectious virus particles (virions) attach to and enter susceptible cells. [ 1] Examples are the common cold, gastroenteritis and pneumonia. [ 2]
Oral transmission, diseases that are transmitted primarily by oral means may be caught through direct oral contact such as kissing, or by indirect contact such as by sharing a drinking glass or a cigarette. Transmission by direct contact, Some diseases that are transmissible by direct contact include athlete's foot, impetigo and warts.
Contact tracing attempts to find all contacts of a confirmed case, in order to test or monitor them for infection. The goal is to stop the spread of a disease by finding and isolating cases. In public health, contact tracing is the process of identifying people who may have been exposed to an infected person ("contacts") and subsequent ...