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As early as the 17th and 18th centuries, the Hakka people began to form a large presence in Borneo and started cultivating land there. [23] With frequent interactions between the Hakka people and the local dialect of Malays, linguistic and cultural exchanges were inevitable. [23]
The Hakka (Chinese: 客家), sometimes also referred to as Hakka-speaking Chinese, [1] [3] or Hakka Chinese, [4] or Hakkas, are a southern Han Chinese subgroup whose principal settlements and ancestral homes are dispersed widely across the provinces of southern China and who speak a language that is closely related to Gan, a Han Chinese dialect spoken in Jiangxi province.
The largest group of Chinese descent is Hakka people (locally called as "Hakka-nyin" who speak -the local Hakka dialect). The other major group of Chinese descent is Chaozhou People which is better known as Teochew. The rest are Malay, Dayak, Javanese, and other ethnicities. The total population was 235,064 at the 2020 Census.
The Lanfang Republic (Chinese: 蘭芳共和國; pinyin: Lánfāng Gònghéguó, Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: Làn-fông Khiung-fò-koet), also known as Lanfang Company (Chinese: 蘭芳公司; pinyin: Lánfāng gōngsī), was a Kongsi republic in Western Borneo in the territory of Sultanate of Sambas.
Name (Hakka pronunciation) Chinese name Birth-Death Born Ancestry Description Lai Enjue [2] (Lai En Cheok) 赖恩爵: 1795–1848: Shenzhen: Zijin, Guangdong: Admiral (水师提督), Guangdong Navy, 1843–1848; Commander, Battle of Kowloon, First Opium War, 1839; Just before Lai died due to illness, he told his family clan that his wish was to see the return of Hong Kong to China; Ten days ...
In Sabah, Hakka is the predominant dialect, particularly in Kota Kinabalu, Lahad Datu, Semporna, Papar and Tawau. [159] [166] [167] In Sarawak, Hakka is also prevalent in towns such as Serian, Kota Samarahan and Bau. [159] [166] [168] Cantonese serves as the main dialect in Miri and Sandakan.
Pontianak [a], also known as Khuntien in Hakka, is the capital of the Indonesian province of West Kalimantan, founded first as a trading port on the island of Borneo, occupying an area of 118.21 km 2 in the delta of the Kapuas River, at a point where it is joined by its major tributary, the Landak River.
Hakka people are widely remembered for building walled villages to defend themselves during the Punti–Hakka Clan Wars. [dubious – discuss] Hakka culture (Chinese: 客家文化) refers to the culture created by Hakka people, a Han Chinese subgroup, across Asia and the Americas. It encompasses the shared language, various art forms, food ...