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A breech birth is when a baby is born bottom first instead of head first, as is normal. [1] Around 3–5% of pregnant women at term (37–40 weeks pregnant) have a breech baby. [ 2 ] Due to their higher than average rate of possible complications for the baby, breech births are generally considered higher risk. [ 3 ]
A vaginal delivery is the birth of offspring in mammals (babies in humans) through the vagina (also called the "birth canal"). [1] It is the most common method of childbirth worldwide. [ 2 ] It is considered the preferred method of delivery, as it is correlated with lower morbidity and mortality than caesarean sections (C-sections), [ 3 ...
A breech birth is the birth of a baby from a breech presentation, in which the baby exits the pelvis with the buttocks or feet first as opposed to the normal head-first presentation. In breech presentation, fetal heart sounds are heard just above the umbilicus. Babies are usually born head first.
External cephalic version (ECV) is a process by which a breech baby can sometimes be turned from buttocks or foot first to head first. It is a manual procedure that is recommended by national guidelines for breech presentation of a pregnancy with a single baby, in order to enable vaginal delivery.
Illustration of deformed pelvises. A deformed pelvis is a risk factor for obstructed labour: Specialty: Obstetrics: Complications: Perinatal asphyxia, uterine rupture, post-partum bleeding, postpartum infection [1] Causes: Large or abnormally positioned baby, small pelvis, problems with the birth canal [2] Risk factors
Vaginal delivery involves four stages of labour: the shortening and opening of the cervix during the first stage, descent and birth of the baby during the second, the delivery of the placenta during the third, and the fourth stage of recovery which lasts until two hours after the delivery. The first stage is characterised by abdominal cramping ...
Since 1942 there has been a hypothesis that parents may transfer risk of breech delivery to offspring. doi : 10.1136/bmj.39505.436539.BE establishes that the odds ratio for breech presentation is 2.2 if a parent (either mother or father) was a breech.
Forceps births, like all assisted births, should only be undertaken to help promote the health of the mother or baby. In general, a forceps birth is likely to be safer for both the mother and baby than the alternatives – either a ventouse birth or a caesarean section – although caveats such as operator skill apply.