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Ophiolites are sequences of mafic to ultramafic rock generally believed to represent ancient oceanic lithosphere.They are distributed all across the world being all of them located at present or past orogenic belts, sites of mountain building processes.
An ophiolite is a section of Earth's oceanic crust and the underlying upper mantle that has been uplifted and exposed, and often emplaced onto continental crustal rocks. The Greek word ὄφις, ophis (snake) is found in the name of ophiolites, because of the superficial texture of some of them. Serpentinite especially evokes a snakeskin.
Gabbro is known in the construction industry by the trade name of black granite. [31] However, gabbro is hard and difficult to work, which limits its use. [32] The term "indigo gabbro" is used as a common name for a mineralogically complex rock type often found in mottled tones of black and lilac-grey.
The following is a list of rock types recognized by geologists.There is no agreed number of specific types of rock. Any unique combination of chemical composition, mineralogy, grain size, texture, or other distinguishing characteristics can describe a rock type.
Arabian Plate map with Samail Ophiolite location on the eastern corner of the Arabian Peninsula Close-up view of a section of the ophiolite. [1]The Samail Ophiolite, also known as the Semail Ophiolite, is a large, ancient geological formation in Oman and the United Arab Emirates in the Arabian Peninsula. [2]
The main exotic blocks are ophiolitic and include metamorphosed ultramafic rocks, metagabbros, massive and pillowed metabasalts and pelagic sedimentary rocks. Based on the mode of occurrences of the ophiolitic components and the processes of mélange formation, the ophiolitic mélanges of the Central Eastern Desert are classified and mapped ...
The Troodos is a unique ophiolite in terms of observing hydrothermal alteration, because it has not been metamorphosed to a high extent or deformed extensively. Therefore, it is easy to see the successions and relationships of the hydrothermal processes to the structure of the ridge.
The Highland Border Ophiolite (HBO) is a set of rocks that are ophiolitic in character found within the Highland Border Complex.They are exposed in a series of fault-bounded outcrops along the line of the Highland Boundary Fault that forms the southeastern boundary to the Grampian Highlands in Scotland.